Analysis of Discipline, Effectiveness and Barriers to Online Learning During the Pandemic Reviewed From The Views of Students

: This research article analyzes the effectiveness and obstacles in learning during a pandemic. The method used by researchers is a qualitative approach method. This is based on the results obtained from the data that the average discipline is not good, and the effectiveness of learning is that many students do not like online learning, as well as obstacles when online learning takes place, such as obstacles in accessing the internet network. The survey used by this researcher is a questionnaire consisting of 9 questions. The subjects of this study were 20 students in class XII MAN 2 Jambi City with a total of 3 classes who had undergone online learning. Of the three classes, there were class XII IIS 1 (9 students), XII IIS 4 (4 students), and XII IIK 3 (7 students) as samples. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire via a Google form given to students via a questionnaire


INTRODUCTION
Education cannot be underestimated casually. Because education is one thing that is important for the life of the nation. Education is not only a means of adding insight, but with education we can optimize our abilities so that they become a superior and competent generation. Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 12 of 2012 concerning higher education article 1 paragraph 1 says education is an effort and planned in carrying out ways / systematic learning so that students show and develop their talents. And can manage the adab of cleverness of manners and so on (Subahti, 2021). The purpose of education in Indonesia as stated in the 1945 Constitution of the 4th Alenia is "Educating the life of the nation is the main goal of the national ideals of the Indonesian nation, can educate and generalize education everywhere". The purpose of education in more detail is also explained in article 3 of Law No.20 of 2003 that national education has goals to be achieved (Ramadhani, 2022).
One of the influences in achieving learning objectives is the learning process. suggests that learning is a process of mental activity that occurs in interactions in the environment (Winkel, 1991), which creates changes in understanding, skills, attitude values and knowledge (kurniasari, 2020). So, the learning process is the interaction between teachers (educators) and students in teaching and learning activities in an environment to achieve the goals of educational programs. With the hope of a positive increase in the individual with a marked change in his behavior and way of thinking. Changes in behavior and positive ways of thinking indicate that the learning process has achieved its goals. In addition to the learning process, the media used in the learning process is also an influence in achieving educational goals. In 2019, the Covid-19 pandemic has shaken us all. Large and modern countries have been affected by the rapid spread of the coronavirus, and it has caused thousands of deaths even in Indonesia. Because of this, the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia issued Circular Letter Number 4 of 2020 concerning the Implementation of Education Policies in the Emergency Period of the Spread of Corona Virus Disease . So the learning system is carried out through a cellphone or laptop connected to the internet (online) (Qomariyah, 2021).
Online learning is certainly very related to the internet network. The definition of online learning itself is a learning process that is carried out using the help of the internet network (Belawati, 2019). Online learning is distance learning carried out by teachers and students using the internet or network as a link in the learning process (Syarifuddin, 2020). The occurrence of a change from in-person learning to online learning has both positive effects and negative effects. The teacher's skills in planning and preparing lessons should be as good and creative as possible when delivering material. Although parents also have their role involved in the child's learning. So teachers and parents must be able to work together to implement effective learning during the Covid-19 pandemic (Widianti, 2021). To do online learning, of course, requires an educational tool. Educational facilities according (Akhiar, 2021) to all sorts of devices that teachers use to facilitate the delivery of material. From the student's point of view, educational means include all kinds of tools that students use to make it easier to understand the lesson. Meanwhile, educational infrastructure is any type of tool, device or object that can be used to facilitate or accommodate the provision of training. So the facilities and infrastructure used during online learning are the existence of an internet network, the existence of supporting devices such as cellphones, laptops, computers and so on. Not only that, this online learning uses certain forums or applications, such as Zoom, google classroom, google meet, whatsapp and many more.
Discipline is obedience to all order because it is led from the consciousness that resides in his conscience and there is no coercion from others (Suharsimi, 1980). Meanwhile, discipline is behavior in accordance with the rules and regulations received through a periodic training process (Gordon, 1996;Bayu, 2022). There are so many incidents around us about the discipline practiced by students, one example is that many students resist and disrespect the teacher. Discipline can be applied such as punishment given to students so that there is a deterrent and self-awareness of the learner. By giving punishment, the student will better obey and obey the rules or regulations set by the school without coercion. One of the factors that support the development of education is a healthy, safe and comfortable environment so that learning can be carried out properly. In the process of learning online, of course, the learning carried out is not necessarily effective. The meaning of the word effective in the great dictionary Indonesian etymologically comes from the word effect which means effect, influence , effective. The definition of effectiveness in general is to show how far a predetermined goal is achieved (Manalu, 2022).
Although the use of devices can support online learning, there are many things to consider, one of which is the potential negative impact of misuse and excessive use of internet devices. Students admitted that using smartphones to opensocial media while studying is more difficult because the signal is constrained because the electricity that may be in their area is not on, leh because of that many students sometimes do not follow the subject because the material they receive is notall they can understand, which they feel is very different in understanding by coming to school or just n sitting in front of the laptop whether they are pregnant n sleepy in the learning process (Sinaga et al., 2022;Wei et al., 2021). Because Covid 19 has hit many of the students who don't feel the school bench from them every day doing zoom or via wa so thattheir learning continues as usual. Although it was different like in the previous year, those who data ngto school met with school friends and now can only meet via smartphones. It's different from new students who don't know their classmates at all because they only meet via zoom or via wa.

METHOD
In this study, the method we used was a qualitative approach research method and was a type of descriptive survey research. Survey research is a study that takes a sample from one population and uses a questionnaire as the main data collection tool (Adiyanta, 2019). Based on the problems that will be studied, namely analyzing the discipline, effectiveness and barriers to online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic in class XII MAN 2 Jambi City, the research was carried out by collecting questionnaires through the google form link provided to students via WhatsApps. The survey used in this study was a questionnaire consisting of 9 questions. The sample data in this study were 20 students of class XII MAN 2 Jambi City with a total of 3 classes who had received online learning. From 3 towels there are classes XII IIS 1 (9 students), XII IIS 4 (4 students), XII IIK 3 (7 students). The questionnaire in this study aims to find out the discipline of learning carried out online and how effective the learning carried out online is and the obstacles that students face during online learning.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
In an effort to find out how students progressed during online lessons at that time and the involvement of MAN 2 Jambi City students, we hereby chose the goggleform to get answers from MAN 2 Jambi City students rather than to interview them directly and see their responses one by one. As for the goggleform that we sent, there were answers or responses from MAN 2 jambi students based on 9 questions using multiple choices. In the following, we will explain the results obtained through the goggle form to the students of MAN 2 Jambi. be seen that some of the striking differences are produced. To be able to look deeper, it can be reviewed from a number of questions given as below, The results of the data obtained can be seen in Figure 1: Basedon the survey that we have conducted on the students of MAN 2 Jambi City, the results were obtained as in the diagram above that there are 60% of students who have skipped class during online learning and 40% who have never skipped class. This is due to the lack of a sense of responsibility for obligations as a student. And the absence of direct monitoring from teachers makes it easy for them to skip class while studying online. That way, the learning that is carried out online is many students who do not obey the rules and apply discipline to themselves. Because discipline actually comes from each other's self-awareness, if the student is aware and carries out his responsibilities as a student then he will not skip class during the learning. for the results of the next question can be seen in the picture like figure 2 The results of the survey that have been carried out that there are half of the respondents who have slept during online learning, namely as much as 50%, and the other half there are 50% of MAN 2 Jambi City students who never sleep during online learning. Sleeping while online learning is taking place has become commonplace. This can happen because during zoom/goggle meets, most students turn off their cameras so that when they sleep the teacher will not know. However, through this study, the results obtained were not many students of MAN 2 Jambi City who fell asleep during online learning. So it can be saidthat the discipline in participating in the online learning of MAN 2 Jambi City students is quite good. for the results of the next question can be seen in the picture like figure 3 Figure 3. Students who didn't create assignments and didn't take the test Based on the diagram above, it can be seen that only a few students have never made assignments and participated in tests, with a percentage of only 31.6%. And as many as 68.4% of MAN 2 Jambi City students continue to do their assignments and take part in the test. This means that many students of MAN 2 Jambi City still carry out their responsibilities as a student, namely by doing assignments and taking tests. According to Indianti, R (2017:70) indicators of online learning discipline are as follows: First, Students are disciplined in learning: This indicator shows student learning discipline such as, time discipline at the beginning of learning, discipline in filling out attendance sheets, following activities according to a predetermined learning plan and following learning activities regularly (Kokotsaki et al., 2014;Shah et al., 2021). Second, the selfdiscipline in utilizing the learning infrastructure provided by the teacher: In this indicator, student discipline is seen from the discipline of students listening to the material presented by the teacher, listening and using the learning media provided by the teacher, and using learning media well. Third, Students are disciplined in collecting assignments: Discipline here is in doing assignments in accordance with the provisions that have been given by the teacher, not doing perfunctory assignments, and collecting on time. Fourth, the discipline indicators are almost the same as the discipline above, namely doing the exam questions according to the provisions, not doing the exam carelessly, and doing according to time. for the results of the next question can be seen in the picture like figure 4. Judging from the diagram above, according to students of MAN 2 Jambi City, as many as 80% answered that online learning was ineffective. Because online learning makes students not enthusiastic about learning. In addition, UB education expert Aulia Luqman Aziz explained that "Technology will never replace the teaching profession," said Luqman on National Education Day 2020 through UB's official website. So that face-to-face learning with teachers is more effective than online learning (Peter Gani, 2021). Because students feel that their understanding of the subject matter provided and online learning is less effective, many students only attend for absences and then leave after their absence. And the lack of discussion between each other because maybe there are other advertisements, while their friends are doing presentations and so on. A different learning process usually occurs if the learning process is not going well and effectively, so the teacher, in this case the teaching staff at the school, should determine the factors that have a significant impact on changing the child's paradigm in learning. children are used to being in a state of play so that learning that is not structured properly will feel more rigid and boring. Differences in the character of students will be very difficult to correct if there is no improvement in the learning process. improvement has become an obligation in changing the learning patterns of students. for the results of the next question can be seen in the picture like figure 5.

Figure 5. students who don't understand the lessons the teacher is giving when learning online
Based on the psthere is a diagram above as many as 75% of MAN 2 Jambi City students do not understand the subject matter given by their teachers when studying online. And only 25% of them can learnthe lessons given by theirteachers during online learning. This is because during online learning, students will usually get bored quickly and the difficulty of communication between students and teachers sometimes makes the learning process ineffective.
Many teachers do not know how to usetechnologi. Teachers must be able to conduct online lessons; teachers' knowledge of how to use technology has an impact on lesson quality and learning outcomes (Dong et al., 2020;Gallagher & Zahavi, 2012;Mishra et al., 2020). Another effect of teachers is that in the past, teachers taught through direct interaction with students while introducing the situation to them. But, when teachers are faced with an online learning atmosphere, teachers feel saturated. Teachers don't get the opportunity to meet and socialize with others; Now instead teachers have to teach online at home. Therefore, schools must pay attention to it, schools can give and motivate teachers. for the results of the next question can be seen in the picture like figure 6. Apart from not understanding the subject matter that causes the ineffectiveness of learning, dislike online learning itself is also a result of ineffective learning. Like the survey we have done, as many as 60% of students do not like learning that is done online. This has something to do with the difficulty of understanding the subject matter provided by teachers, so they don't like the learning that is done online. The place where teachers and students are separated inthe teaching and learning process makes the teacher unable to directly supervise student activities during the lesson. Online learning does not guarantee that students understand the explanations given by the teacher. (Moulton, & Schacter,2013) says students fantasize more often in online learning than in offline learning. Therefore, (Khan,2012) suggests that online learning should be done briefly because it is difficult for students to maintain their concentration when learning is held for hours.
The results showed that many students find it difficult to understand the online lessons delivered. Students cannot fully understand the lesson because most of the lessons are in the form of readings. Students feel that reading the lesson and just completing the task is not enough, the student needs an oral explanation from the teacher about the complex lesson. for the results of the next question can be seen in the picture like figure 7. The survey conducted on MAN 2 Jambi City students turned out that there are still 10% of students who do not have facilities to learn online. As we know, online learning certainly really needs cellphones, laptops and of course internet quotas. Those who do not have facilities such as cellphones and others, will usually look for internet cafes to be able to take part in online learning. Not to mention, if the Internet café is far away or when the power goes out, they can't keep up with online learning. So, adequate facilities are also one of the obstacles in online learning (Nehru et al., 2022;Yusuf et al., 2022;Zakwandi et al., 2022). for the results of the next question can be seen in the picture like figure 8. From the results of the responses, MAN 2 Jambi City students, almost all answered that they had received internet network problems with a percentage of 95%. Indeed, when online learning takes place, the thing that most often happensis the problem of the internet network. Most students who live in rural areas often experience problems accessingthe internet network. Hal this is due to many reasons, one of which is because the lights often turn off so that it affects the internet network. Not only that, if the lights out / electricity cannot charge if when you run out of cellphone batteries, yang used for studying. Network constraints are also common as a result of rainy weather.
Online learning also has its challenges. Among them is the availability of online services. The majority of students access the internet using mobile phones and others use WiFi. When home learning began to take effect, many students said they found it difficult to take online lessons because some areas found it difficult to access the internet network, even though the network was weak. . for the results of the next question can be seen in the picture like figure 9. Based on the survey that has been carried out according to the diagram above, it can be seen that the problem of running out of internet quota is also experienced by many students of MAN 2 Jambi City. As many as 75% of students have run out of internet quota and 25% of students who never run out of internet quota. Students who do not run out of internet quota usually use wifi at home, but using wifi also sometimes there are obstacles such as when the electricity goes out, wifi cannot be used so that students cannot take part in online learning.
Then students who experience problems running out of internet quota because the learning carried out via zoom / google meet does not spend a little quota, so it is possible that when in the middle of learning, the internet quota runs out. And this is often experienced by MAN 2 students in Jambi city. (Arumningtyas, 2021)said the shortcomings that are not infrequently encountered in online learning are: still using parental facilities, not having internet quota, problems in the internet network due to places that are not strategic, and teachers can only monitor students from afar. If there is a problem with parental facilities, students can get close to their friends/friends so that they can study together. For the problem of internet quota, you can use package donations given by the Ministry of Education and Culture periodically. And for network problems can be by looking for a place with good signal strength.
In online learning, teachers rely on the internet, as well as teacher spending which has also increased. Because if there is no internet connection, or there is no data package, then learning cannot be carried out. The persemester of online learning requires significant use of the internet network. In connecting students, communication needs to continue, so that teachers not only lead to internet packages, but include the cost of communicating with the principal. Teachers can take time to do confident lessons. The impact that students have had by the pandemic is that students are forced to learn remotely and only at home assisted by their parents. The students are preparing because of the pandemic. For example, students lack motivation when participating in online learning.

CONCLUSION
From the research that has been done it can be concluded as follows. Discipline in taking part in online learning is still not good, because there are still many students who skip classes when learning will be carried out. But in making assignments and participating in online learning until it's finished it's quite good, some students don't do assignments and fall asleep during learning, but there are still some who don't do assignments and fall asleep during online learning. For this reason, it is necessary to have firmness from teachers in implementing these online learning rules. And the effectiveness of online learning according to the students themselves is less effective. This is because many students do not understand the subject matter provided by their teachers so they do not like this online learning. Thus, online learning is not more effective than face-to-face learning or face-to-face meetings between teachers and students. Then regarding the obstacles experienced by students, one of which is the obstacle in accessing the internet network and running out of internet quota. This research is not perfect, so our suggestion for the future is research that will examine online learning in order to analyze it more broadly. We hope that in the future we can address how to discipline students when studying online and how to overcome this so that online learning becomes more effective.